Leaume



T. GUELLEAUME.

(No Model.)

EGTEIG GABLE.

Patented Dec. 25, 1894 WITNESSES:

JMJJWMM UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THEODORE GUILLEAUME, OF COLOGNE, GERMANY.

ELECTRIC CABLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 531,614, dated December25, 1894.

Application filed April 26, 1892. Serial No. 430,791. (No model.)Patented in Germany November '7, 1891, No. 65,930, and in EnglandNovember 12, 1891,1To. 19,630-

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THEODORE GUIL- LEAUME, a subject of the GermanEmperor, residing at Cologne, in the German Empire, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Electric Cables, (in respectwhereof I have obtained Letters Patent in Germany, to bear date November7, 1891, No. 05,930, and in Great Britain, to bear date November 12,1891, No. 19,630,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to electric cables, particularly such asareintended for use for telephonic transmission, and where complete m e-.tallic circuits are employed.

A telephone cable made according to this invention is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a side elevation (having parts cut away to show theconstruction), and Fig. 2 a cross section.

The improved cable A comprises several strands B twisted together andsheathed with lead 0 or other suitable protective material. In thepresent design, the cable is composed of seven strands, each consistingby preference of four flat wires or metallic ribbons b, b, b and 19 eachinsulated from the others by means of a wrapping c, c, c or c of paperor other suitable material. The fouror other number of flat wires arearranged flatwise one upon the other, so as to form a bar or bundleapproximately square in cross section, and the strand or bundle is thentwisted. This latter treatment has the effect of fixing and permanentlyretaining the several conductors b, b, b and b in position in relationto one another; but its primary object is to neutralinc, and prevent theeffect of, induction as between one conductor and another. The comductors b and 12 in conjunction with the transmitting and receivinginstruments, form a closed circuit; the conductors b and b beingsimilarly comprised in another closed circuit; or, the conductor 1) maybe in communication with the conductor b and the conductor b incommunication with the conductor 19 In either case, two closed circuitsare formed. Each strand or bundle is twisted and served, either beforeor after the twisting operation, with a coating 0 of paper or otherinsulating material. Instead of each strand being composed of fourconductors, any other even number may be employed.

A cable, instead of being composed of several strands B each constructedin the manner described, may consist of a single bundle of fiat wires orribbons b, b, b and 12 each insulated from the others, but laid flatwisetogether so as to present an approximately square cross section; thegroup or bundle being then twisted, served with a further coating ofpaper or other insulating material 0*, and finally sheathed with lead orother protective covering; or, several such twisted bundles, eachinclosed in a lead covering, instead of or in addition to the papercoating O may be twisted together to formacable; the whole beingultimately furnish ed with an additional lead or other protectivesheathing. The sheathing C may, if necessary, have an internal lining O,and be protected externally by means of the usual kind.

A telephone cable constructed in the manner above described possessesthe following advantages:lVhen, for instance, four of the flat wires ormetallic ribbons are grouped together in a strand, the alternate or theextreme and mean conductors can be connected together to form two closedcircuits; this arrangement destroying induction and securing improvedefficiency, particularlyin long distance telephony. The Hat shape of thecondoctor is also advantageous for the utilization of capacity for thepurpose of facilitating telephonic communication. The flat shape of theconductor does not, however, interfere with the employment of insulatingmaterial containing air-spaces when it is desired to reduce thecapacity.

WVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. In an electric cable, a strand or bundle consisting of one or morepairs of flat wires or ribbons, each insulated from the other or othersand each pair serving to convey flow and return currents in a closedcircuit, the several wires or ribbons being laid flatwise against oneanother and the whole group being then twisted together, substantiallyas herein described.

2. In an electric cable, a strand or bundle ICO consisting of one ormore pairs of flat wires or ribbons, such as Z), each served withinsulating material, such as c, and laid together fiatwise, the wholestrand or bundle being subsequently twisted, and, either before or afterthe twisting operation, provided with an insulating covering 0*,substantially as herein described.

3. An electric cable consisting of a pair or 10 pairs of insulatedribbons, such as Z), twisted together to form a strand 0r strands, suchas B, the strand or strands being then insulated and laid up into acable and iuclosed in a sheathing, such as C, substantially as hereindescribed.

THEODORE GUILLEAUME.

Witnesses:

SIBILLA LANG, H. ALLEN MAXWELL.

